Types of Drilling Rigs
1. Classification by Drilling Method
Percussion Drilling Rigs: Rely on impact force to break rocks, suitable for hard rock formations, but with lower efficiency and a tendency for borehole collapse. Common types include wire rope percussion drills and down-the-hole percussion drills.
Rotary Drilling Rigs: Break rocks through cutting, divided into vertical spindle, rotary table, and power head types. Vertical spindle drills are suitable for shallow holes, rotary table drills for medium to deep holes, and power head drills for complex formations.
Combined Drilling Rigs: Combine impact and rotation functions, highly adaptable and efficient, mainly including percussion rotary drills and rotary percussion drills.
2. Classification by Application
Core Drilling Rigs: Used to obtain rock core samples, with relatively large drilling depths.
Hydrological Well Drilling Rigs: Suitable for groundwater exploration, with larger diameters and shallower depths.
Engineering Drilling Rigs: Used for geological exploration and foundation construction, including anchor drilling rigs and jet grouting rigs.
Oil drilling rigs: Used for oil and gas exploration; technically complex, capable of drilling to extremely deep depths.
3. Classification by power source
Hydraulic drilling rigs: Powerful, easy to operate, and with a wide speed range.
Mechanical drilling rigs: Simple structure, high reliability, but more complex to operate.
Electric drilling rigs: Energy-saving and environmentally friendly, high efficiency, but require a high-quality power supply.